Gukoresha amashanyarazi nta mpungenge, amashanyarazi ya Cejia.

A kumena inzitizini switch ishobora guhuza no guhagarika uruziga.Ukurikije imikorere yacyo itandukanye, irashobora kugabanywamo ibyuma bimena ikirere hamwe na gaze ya gaze ya gaze (GIS).
Ibyiza byumuzunguruko: imiterere yoroshye, igiciro gihenze, irashobora kuzamura cyane ubwubatsi bwumushinga;ubushobozi bunini bwo kumena, imbaraga ziremereye cyane, guhuza kenshi no gucamo umurongo;imikorere yuzuye yo kurinda, irashobora guhagarika byihuse uruziga mugihe gito cyane.
Ingaruka zumuzunguruko: ubushyuhe bunini numucyo mwinshi arc bitangwa mugihe gito;ibikorwa kenshi ntibishobora gukorwa;umwanya uhagije urakenewe kugirango ibyuma biri muri fuse bigaruke aho bishonga.
Iyokumena inzitiziihindurwa kuva mu kirere ijya muri GIS, amabwiriza akurikira agomba kubahirizwa:
1) Imashanyarazi yamashanyarazi igomba kuba ihagaze neza mugihe cyo kuyikoresha no kuyikoresha;
2) Gukingira neza bigomba kubungabungwa hagati yimyenda ya GIS nubutaka;
3) Ikibanza cyo kwishyiriraho kigomba kugira ibikoresho byiza byo kuvoma.
Imikorere
A kumena inzitizini switch ikoreshwa mu kuzimya no kuzimya umuzenguruko, kandi mubisanzwe ifite umurimo wo kuzimya no kuzimya umuzenguruko, kandi ifite n'imikorere nko kurinda imiyoboro ngufi no kurinda imitwaro irenze.Mugihe kimwe, ubushobozi bwayo bwo kumena burakomeye cyane, kandi burashobora guhagarika byihuse uruziga mugihe gito cyane.
1. Nkigikoresho cyo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi make, icyuma cyumuzunguruko gifite umurimo wo kurinda umuzenguruko urenze urugero, umuzunguruko mugufi na volvoltage.
2. Imashanyarazi yamashanyarazi ifite ibyiza byubushobozi bukomeye bwo guca ibikorwa byihuse kandi byihuse;ifite kandi ibikorwa bigufi byo kurinda imiyoboro yumurongo mugufi wumuzingi wicyiciro kimwe.
3. Nkigikoresho cyo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi make, icyuma cyumuzunguruko kirashobora gufunga cyangwa guhagarika uruziga rwamashanyarazi asanzwe akora mugihe cyagenwe;irashobora guhora itanga ingufu kumurongo nta gutsindwa, kandi irashobora no gukoreshwa nka moteri ya moteri ya moteri hamwe nizunguruka mugihe bibaye ngombwa.Imiyoboro ifasha ibikoresho bitandukanye byamashanyarazi.
Shyiramo
1. Mbere yo kwishyiriraho, banza ugaragaze isura yamashanyarazi yamenetse, hanyuma fungura igifuniko cyanyuma cyumuzunguruko, hanyuma urebe ibiranga nicyapa cyanditse kurupapuro rwanyuma.Reba kurugero rwerekanwe mubitabo byibicuruzwa.
2. Kwishyiriraho ibice byumuzunguruko bigomba kuba byujuje ibyashizweho, kandi bigomba kuba bihuye nuburyo bwo gushyiramo ibindi bikoresho byamashanyarazi kumwanya wo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi cyangwa igikoresho cyo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi.Ntabwo byemewe gushira cyangwa kunyura hafi y'ibindi bikoresho by'amashanyarazi n'ibikoresho (switch).
3. Imashanyarazi yamashanyarazi nibikoresho byayo bigomba kuba bifite ishingiro.Kubyuma byinshi, insinga yo hejuru hamwe na kabili ikingira umugozi nayo igomba guhagarara.
4. Uburyo bukoreshwa bugomba gukorerwa ikizamini cyumutwaro mbere yo gusenya kugirango harebwe niba ibikorwa byacyo byoroshye kandi byizewe mbere yo gusenya.Reba niba insinga ari nziza mbere yo kuyisenya, bitabaye ibyo ntishobora gusenywa buhumyi.
5. Iyo icyuma cyumuzunguruko gishyizwe mumasanduku yicyuma, ibyuma bifunga mumasanduku ntibyemewe kurekura;ihuriro hagati yagasanduku ikosora bolts nuudodo bigomba kuba byizewe;imitobe ikosora igomba kuba anti-kurekura;imyobo ya screw igomba gucukurwa mu buryo bwa mashini;
Rinda
Iyo sisitemu yananiwe, nka moteri irenze moteri, umuzunguruko mugufi, nibindi, impanuka zikomeye ningaruka zikomeye zirashobora kwirindwa, bisaba ko hakoreshwa imashini zangiza kugirango zirinde ibikoresho byamashanyarazi cyangwa imiyoboro yangirika.Ariko, icyuma cyumuzunguruko ntigishobora kugera mubyukuri "kubungabunga-ubusa".Rimwe na rimwe, haracyakenewe kubungabungwa.
1. Mugihe urugendo rurenze urugero mugihe cyo gukora icyuma cyumuzunguruko, reba niba ibindi bikoresho byamashanyarazi bimeze neza;
2. Reba imikorere yigikoresho cyo gukingira, kandi kigomba gukora mubihe bisanzwe byakazi;
3. Iyo uburyo bwo gukoresha amashanyarazi bwananiranye, genzura ubufatanye hagati yuburyo bukoresha amashanyarazi na break break;
4. Iyo ikosa rigufi ryumurongo ribaye kumurongo, amashanyarazi agomba guhagarikwa;
5. Bitewe no gusaza kwimbere yimbere ya break break nyuma yo gukora igihe kirekire.Kubwibyo, kumena inzitizi bigomba kubungabungwa buri gihe.
Kwirinda
1. Uburyo bwo gukora bugomba kuba bwizewe kugirango birinde impanuka.Hagomba kubaho ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso nibikorwa kubikorwa bya buri kintu muburyo, kandi hagomba gukumirwa imikorere mibi.
2. Kumashanyarazi yamashanyarazi akora, niyo ikiganza cyacyo kiri mukigenda, arcing irashobora kugaragara mubitumanaho cyangwa mugukingura no gufunga imirongo.Hagomba kwitonderwa kugirango wirinde imikorere mibi mugihe cyo gukora.
3. Iyo imiyoboro yamashanyarazi ikora (cyane cyane iyo ikata umuyoboro munini), ntishobora gukururwa ku gahato, kugirango itangiza ibice byamashanyarazi.
4. Umuyoboro wumuzunguruko ugomba guhora ugenzura gufungura no gufunga uburyo bwo guhuza kugirango wirinde kurenza urugero cyangwa amakosa ya volvoltage.
5. Mugihe habaye urugendo rwamakosa, gerageza kugarura mbere amashanyarazi yahagaritswe.