Utwuma dukoresha amashanyarazi mu cyiciro kimweni ibintu by'ingenzi mu buryo bw'amashanyarazi, bitanga uburinzi bw'amashanyarazi arenze urugero n'ubudakoresha ingufu nke. Yagenewe guhagarika urujya n'uruza rw'amashanyarazi iyo hagaragaye ikibazo, birinda kwangirika kw'uburyo bw'amashanyarazi no kurinda umutekano w'abakoresha. Muri iyi nkuru, turasuzuma imikorere, ubwoko, n'ikoreshwa rya circuit breakers imwe.
Imikorere y'ikinyabiziga gikoresha amashanyarazi kimwe (single phase circuit breaker)
Akamaro k'ingenzi k'icyuma gihagarika amashanyarazi gifite icyiciro kimwe ni ukurinda amashanyarazi kurenza urugero n'amashanyarazi magufi. Iyo umuriro unyura mu gice urenze ubushobozi bw'insinga n'ibikoresho, icyuma gihagarika amashanyarazi kirahagarara, bigahagarika urujya n'uruza rw'amashanyarazi. Iki gikorwa kirinda ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ingaruka z'inkongi. Byongeye kandi, iyo habayeho icyuma gihagarika amashanyarazi kandi umuriro ukazamuka mu buryo butunguranye, icyuma gihagarika amashanyarazi kizahita gihagarika amashanyarazi kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika kwa sisitemu.
Ubwoko bw'ibikoresho bigabanya urujya n'uruza rw'amashanyarazi mu cyiciro kimwe
Hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa "single-phase circuit breakers", buri bumwe bwagenewe gukoreshwa mu buryo bwihariye n'imiterere y'imikorere. Ubwoko bukunze kugaragara burimo "thermal-magnetic circuit breakers",imashini zigabanya umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi (RCCB)nautumashini duto two gukata imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi (MCB).
- Ibice bigabanya ubushyuhe n'amashanyarazi: Ibi bice bigabanya ubushyuhe n'amashanyarazi kugira ngo bitange uburinzi bw'amashanyarazi n'ubudahangarwa bw'amashanyarazi. Ikintu cy'ubushyuhe gisubiza inyuma ubushyuhe bukabije, mu gihe ikintu cy'ubushyuhe kibona ubushyuhe butunguranye, bigatuma habaho uburinzi bwuzuye.
- Imashini igabanya umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi (RCCB): RCCB yagenewe kurinda umuriro w'amashanyarazi n'inkongi z'amashanyarazi ziterwa n'ikosa ryo ku butaka. Igenzura uburinganire bw'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi hagati y'imashini zikora n'izidafite aho zibogamiye, hanyuma igatera umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi iyo hagaragaye ikibazo.
- Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB): MCB ni igikoresho gito gikoreshwa mu kurinda imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi kurenza urugero ndetse n'imiyoboro migufi. Ikoreshwa cyane mu mirimo yo mu ngo no mu bucuruzi bitewe n'imiterere yayo igabanya umwanya kandi yoroshye kuyishyiraho.
Gukoresha icyuma gihagarika urujya n'uruza rw'amashanyarazi mu cyiciro kimwe
Utwuma dukoresha amashanyarazi dukoresha ikoranabuhanga rimwe (single phase breakers) dukoreshwa cyane mu buryo butandukanye bw'amashanyarazi. Mu mazu yo guturamo, dushyirwa mu matara kugira ngo turinde amatara, amasoko y'amashanyarazi, n'ibikoresho byo mu rugo. Mu bucuruzi n'inganda, utwuma dukoresha amashanyarazi dukoresha ikoranabuhanga rimwe (single phase breakers) dukoreshwa mu kurinda ibikoresho, imashini n'ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi.
Byongeye kandi, utwuma dukoresha ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba (single phase circuit breakers) ni ingenzi cyane mu miyoboro y'ingufu zisubira nk'izikoresha imirasire y'izuba. Turinda inverters, ibyuma bigenzura umuriro n'ibindi bice by'imiyoboro y'ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, bigatuma habaho imikorere yizewe kandi itekanye.
Muri make, utumashini dukoresha amashanyarazi mu buryo bumwe (single phase breakers) tugira uruhare runini mu mutekano w'amashanyarazi no kurinda sisitemu. Ibi bikoresho bifasha mu gukumira ibyago by'amashanyarazi n'ibyangiritse mu bikoresho binyuze mu kubona no gukumira amakosa y'amashanyarazi akabije n'ayakoreshejwe mu buryo bugufi. Gusobanukirwa imikorere, ubwoko, n'ikoreshwa rya tumashini dukoresha amashanyarazi mu buryo bumwe ni ingenzi cyane mu kwemeza ko sisitemu yawe y'amashanyarazi ari ingenzi kandi ihamye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 10 Mata 2024