Utwuma duto tw'amashanyarazi, bakunze kwitwaMCB, ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'amashanyarazi agezweho. Ni igikoresho cy'ingenzi cy'umutekano kirinda imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi kurenza urugero n'imiyoboro migufi, bikarinda kwangirika kw'ibikoresho n'imiyoboro yose. Iyi nkuru izavuga ku kamaro n'uruhare rwautumashini duto two gukata uruziga.
Imwe mu nshingano z'ingenzi zaMCBni ukugenzura umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi unyura mu muyoboro no kuwuhagarika iyo habayeho ikibazo. Bifungura mu buryo bwikora umuyoboro, bigahagarika urujya n'uruza rw'amashanyarazi, bityo bikarinda kwangirika kose. Iki gikorwa ni ingenzi cyane mu gukumira ibyago by'inkongi biterwa no gushyuha cyane cyangwa impanuka z'amashanyarazi.
Utwuma duto tw'amashanyarazibyagenewe guhangana n'urwego rutandukanye rw'amashanyarazi. Biboneka mu byiciro bitandukanye, bigatuma abakoresha bahitamo uburyo bukwiyeMCBbitewe n'ibyo bakeneye byihariye. Ibi bipimo bikunze kugaragara muri amperes (A) kandi bigaragaza umuvuduko ntarengwa w'amashanyarazi ushobora kunyura mu cyuma gihagarika amashanyarazi kidatemba.
Uburyo bwo gukora bwaakamashini gato k'itumanahoirimo electromagnet n'igice cya bimetallic. Iyo habayeho umuvuduko mwinshi cyangwa umuvuduko mugufi, umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi unyura muriMCBirengeje urugero ntarengwa rwayo. Ibi bituma bimetal igondama bitewe n'ubushyuhe bwinshi, amaherezo igatera urujya n'uruza. Iyo habayeho umutwaro mwinshi cyangwa urujya n'uruza rugufi, electromagnet ihita ifunga, igatanga uburinzi bwihuse kandi bwizewe.
Utwuma duto tw'amashanyaraziBitanga inyungu nyinshi ugereranyije na za fuse zisanzwe. Zirashobora kongera gusubizwa mu buryo bworoshye nyuma yo kugwa, bikuraho gukenera gusimburwa igihe cyose habayeho ikosa. Kubasha kongera gusimbuza icyuma gihagarika amashanyarazi ntibigabanya gusa igihe ahubwo binagabanya ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga. Byongeye kandi,MCBgutanga uburinzi nyabwo kandi nyabwo binyuze mu kumenya no gusubiza ihindagurika ry'amashanyarazi ku buryo bwihuse.
Muri make,utumashini duto two gukata uruzigani igice cy'ingenzi cy'imikorere y'amashanyarazi kuko itanga uburinzi buhagije bw'amashanyarazi n'uburinzi bw'amashanyarazi. Ubushobozi bwabo bwo guca urujya n'uruza rw'amashanyarazi vuba bufasha gukumira impanuka z'amashanyarazi no kurinda umutekano w'abantu n'ibikoresho. Mu guhitamo amanota akwiye, abakoresha bashobora guhindura urwego rw'uburinzi bukenewe ku miterere yabo yihariye y'amashanyarazi. Muri rusange, gushora imari mu bwizaakamashini gato k'itumanahoni ingenzi cyane mu kubungabunga umutekano n'ubwizigirwa bw'uburyo ubwo aribwo bwose bw'amashanyarazi.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: 20 Nzeri 2023