Uburinzi bw'umusenyi ukoresha amashanyarazi, butekanye kandi buhamye.

A akamashini gakoresha urujya n'uruza rw'amashanyarazini igikoresho cy'amashanyarazi gikunze gukoreshwa mu miyoboro ya AC. Uburyo bw'amashanyarazi muri rusange bugizwe n'uburyo bwimukanwa, uburyo bwimukanwa n'uburyo butaziguye. Muri ubwo buryo, uburyo bw'amashanyarazi bushobora guca umuriro, guhuza amashanyarazi no kurinda ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi. Dukurikije imiterere yabwo n'amahame ngiro, bushobora kugabanywamo ibice bibiriimashini igabanya urujya n'uruza rw'amashanyarazi mu cyiciro kimwe, icyuma gihagarika urujya n'uruza rw'amashanyarazi gifite ibyiciro bitatu naakamashini gahagarika urujya n'uruza rw'ikirere. Circuit breaker, nk'igikoresho gihagarika uruziga rw'amashanyarazi n'amashanyarazi, bigira uruhare runini mu miyoboro y'amashanyarazi. Iyo uruziga rwuzuye, uruziga rw'amashanyarazi rugufi n'ibindi bibazo, kurinda amashanyarazi bizakorwa ku gihe, bityo uruziga rufunguke kugira ngo rurinde umutekano w'abantu ku giti cyabo n'uw'umutungo n'ibindi bikoresho kwangirika. Bityo reroakamashini gakoresha urujya n'uruza rw'amashanyaraziIkoreshwa cyane mu buryo bw'amashanyarazi yitwa kandi "umurinzi urengeje ingufu" cyangwa "fuse". Imwe mu nshingano z'ingenzi ni uguhagarika amashanyarazi mu buryo bwikora iyo hari umuyoboro mugufi.

Ihame ry'imikorere

Iyo umuyoboro wa AC unyuze mu gice cy’amashanyarazi uhuza, amashanyarazi akurura amashanyarazi, bigatuma imikorere y’uburyo bw’imikorere ikora, bityo igice cy’amashanyarazi kikarekura amashanyarazi, bityo kikagabanya uruziga.

Mu by’ukuri, igikoresho cyo gutinza gishobora kongerwamo kugira ngo urujya n’uruza rushobore gukurwaho gusa nyuma y’uko igikorwa cyo guhindura kirangiye mu gihe cyagenwe.

Iyo umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi unyura mu cyuma gihagarika amashanyarazi, icyuma kiri hafi y'aho gihurira kirashongeshwa kigakurwaho n'ubushyuhe buturutse ku ngufu za arc kinetic n'ubushyuhe bwinshi buterwa no gushonga kw'aho gihurira, bityo kikagabanya umuyoboro.

Iyo icyuma gitanga umuriro gifunze cyangwa icyuma gihujwe nacyo kinaniwe, icyuma gitanga umuriro gishobora guca icyuma gitanga umuriro mu gihe gito.

Dukurikije imiterere y'imiterere, igabanyijemo ibice bitatu bidahinduka, bigenda n'ibihagaritswe.

Dukurikije uburyo bwo kurekura bugabanyijemo imiterere ibiri ikoresheje intoki n'iy'amashanyarazi.

Dukurikije uburyo bwo gukora, uburyo bwo kohereza umukandara bushobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bubiri bw'uburyo bwo kohereza umukandara n'uburyo bwo kohereza umukandara;

Gushyira mu byiciro

(1)Ibikoresho bigabanya urujya n'uruza rw'amashanyaraziishobora kugabanywamo icyumba cyo kugabanyamo umwuka (VHV), icyumba cyo kugabanyamo umwuka (AVR), icyumba cyo kugabanyamo umwuka (VSD) n'icyumba cyo kugabanyamo umwuka hakurikijwe uburyo bw'icyuma cyo kugabanyamo umwuka (arc interrupter).

(2) Utwuma duto dushobora kugabanywamo ubwoko butatu: utwuma duto duto, utwuma duto duto dutatu n'utwuma duto duto dukoresha umwuka.

(3) Utwuma dukoresha amashanyarazi dushobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bubiri, AC na DC, bitewe n'abakoresha n'aho bakoresha hatandukanye.

(4) Akamashini gakoresha amashanyarazi gashobora guhuzwa n'icyuma gikingira umwuka, inductor y'umwuka n'ibindi bikoresho by'amashanyarazi hakurikijwe uburyo bwo kuyishyiraho, kandi gashobora gukoreshwa nk'igikoresho cy'amashanyarazi gikingira.

(5) Bishyizwe mu byiciro bitandukanye: ubwoko bw'uburinzi burengeje umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi, ubwoko bw'uburinzi buciriritse n'ubwoko bw'uburinzi burengeje umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi hakurikijwe imiterere yabyo.

(6) Hari voltage rusange y'umwuka ya 100V hamwe n'ingano y'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi hakurikijwe ingufu z'amashanyarazi n'agaciro k'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi.

Ibipimo bigena uko ibintu bimeze

Ubwoko bw'icyuma gica amashanyarazi busa n'ubw'ibindi bikoresho by'amashanyarazi, nka kode igizwe n'inyuguti "P", "Y" n'imibare yo gukwirakwiza ibikoresho, na kode igizwe n'inyuguti "C" n'imibare yo gukwirakwiza ibikoresho by'icyuma, n'ibindi, ariko imikorere yabyo n'imiterere yabyo biratandukanye kandi muri rusange ntibishobora gukoreshwa mu bikorwa rusange. Urugero, fata ZF6 na ZF14.

2) Voltage ipima: yerekeza ku gaciro gapima icyuma gihagarika urujya n'uruza gishobora kwihanganira munsi y'umuvuduko upima (50Hz) n'umuvuduko upima (25Hz).

3) Umuriro ugenwe: yerekeza ku muriro ntarengwa w'amashanyarazi ushobora kwihanganira mu bihe byagenwe.

4. "Ubushobozi bwo gucika" bivuze ko icyuma gica amashanyarazi gishobora gufunga neza AC 50Hz cyangwa DC 1000V cyangwa munsi yayo hakurikijwe amabwiriza yagenwe, kandi igihe cyo gucika ntikigomba kurenza 5ms.

5) Ibiranga imikorere

Ihame ryo guhitamo

1, Igabanyijemo:

(1) Utwuma dukoresha amashanyarazi dukoresha urwego rumwe twerekana izikoreshwa mu kurinda amashami, moteri n'ibindi bikoresho by'amashanyarazi. Utwuma dukoresha amashanyarazi dufite ibyiza byo kudakora no koroshya imikorere yatwo, ariko ni ngombwa guhagarika amashanyarazi mu gihe umurongo na moteri biremereye cyane cyangwa bifunze kugira ngo hirindwe ko impanuka yaguka. Kubwibyo, utwuma dukoresha amashanyarazi tugomba kuba twujuje ibisabwa kugira ngo duhagarike amashanyarazi mu gihe cyagenwe, hamwe n'igihe gito cyo kuruhuka, guhitamo neza n'ibindi.

(2) Ijambo "agace gato k'amashanyarazi gakoresha ingufu nke za AC gafite ibyiciro bitatu" risobanura agace gato k'amashanyarazi gakoreshwa mu kurinda no kugenzura moteri, gafite akazi kamwe n'agace gato k'amashanyarazi gafite icyiciro kimwe, ariko kongeyeho agace gahagarika imiterere y'imbere y'igikoresho cy'amashanyarazi kugira ngo gahuze n'ibisabwa mu kurinda moteri n'agace ko kugenzura mu gace k'amashanyarazi. Byongeye kandi, gafite kandi agace gatwara umuriro mwinshi, gatwara umuriro udafite ingufu nyinshi hamwe n'agace k'amashanyarazi gakoresha ingufu nke.