Isesengura ry'Imikorere n'Imikoreshereze ya MCB Circuit Breaker

Utwuma duto tw'amashanyarazi(MCB) ni ingenzi mu buryo bw'amashanyarazi bugezweho, butanga uburinzi bukomeye ku mubyimba mwinshi n'imiyoboro migufi. Kubera ko umutekano w'amashanyarazi urushaho kuba ingenzi mu micungire y'amazu n'ubucuruzi, gusobanukirwa imikorere n'inyungu za MCB ni ingenzi ku muntu wese ukora mu gushyiraho cyangwa kubungabunga amashanyarazi.

MCB ni iki?

Akamashini gato ko gukata uruziga (MCB) ni igikoresho cy’amashanyarazi cyagenewe guhagarika uruziga rw’amashanyarazi mu buryo bwikora iyo kibonye ikibazo, nko kurenza urugero cyangwa uruziga rugufi. Bitandukanye na za fuse zisanzwe, zigomba gusimburwa nyuma yo guturika, MCB zishobora kongera gusubizwa inyuma nyuma yo kugwa, bigatuma ziba amahitamo yoroshye kandi meza yo kurinda uruziga.

Uburyo MCB ikora

Utwuma duto tw’amashanyarazi (MCB) dukora ahanini dushingiye ku buryo bubiri: ubushyuhe n’ubukuru. Utwuma duto tw’amashanyarazi dukoresha umurongo wa bimetallic ugonga bitewe n’ikibazo cyo kurenza urugero rw’amashanyarazi, amaherezo ugatera switch yo gufungura circuit. Ku rundi ruhande, turmetic ya magnet isubiza turme ya short-circuit ikoresheje electromagnet ifungura switch hafi ako kanya, ikarinda kwangirika kw’imikorere y’amashanyarazi.

Ubwoko bwa MCB

Hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa MCB, buri bumwe bwagenewe porogaramu yihariye:

1. Udukingirizo duto tw’urujya n’uruza two mu bwoko bwa B:Bikwiriye gukoreshwa mu mazu, bishobora guhangana n'imigezi inyura mu buryo buringaniye. Umugezi wabo ugwa ukubye inshuro 3 kugeza kuri 5 umugezi ugwa ku rugero runaka.
2. Ubwoko bwa C Miniature Circuit Breakers**:Utwuma duto twa type C dukoresha amashanyarazi ni twiza cyane mu bucuruzi no mu nganda kandi dushobora kwihanganira imigezi myinshi ikwirakwira, bigatuma tuba twiza cyane ku bikoresho nka moteri na transformers. Dufite umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi ukubye inshuro 5 kugeza ku 10 umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi.
3. Ubwoko bwa D-MCB:Izi mashini zigabanya umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi zagenewe gukoreshwa mu buryo bukomeye, nka moteri nini na transfoma, kandi zishobora guhangana n’imigezi ikwirakwira inshuro 10 kugeza kuri 20 z’umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi.
4. Ubwoko bwa K na Z-Type MCB:Izi ni MCB zihariye zikoreshwa mu bikorwa byihariye, nko kurinda imizigo itwara ibintu cyangwa ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga byoroshye.

Ibyiza byo gukoresha MCB

1. Umutekano:Utwuma duto dukoresha amashanyarazi (miniature circuit breakers) turinda kurusha ibyuma bikoresha amashanyarazi (fuse). Dushobora gufunga uruziga vuba mu gihe habayeho ikibazo, bigabanye ibyago byo gushya kw'amashanyarazi n'ibyangiritse ku bikoresho.
2. Ubworoherane:Bitandukanye na za fuse zigomba gusimburwa nyuma yo kwangirika, MCB zishobora gusubizwaho hakoreshejwe switch yoroshye, bigabanye igihe cyo kudakora neza n'akazi ko kubungabunga.
3. Byumvikana neza:MCB zitanga uburyo bwo kurinda buhamye, zitanga ibisubizo byihariye bishingiye ku byo sisitemu z'amashanyarazi zikeneye.
4. Igishushanyo mbonera gito:MCB ubusanzwe ziba nto kandi ntoya kurusha firize zisanzwe, bigatuma zoroha kuzishyira ahantu hato.
5. Ihendutse ku giciro:Nubwo ishoramari rya mbere muri MCB rishobora kuba riri hejuru ugereranije na fuse, igihe kirekire cyazo n'ikiguzi cyo kuzibungabunga bigabanuka bituma ziba amahitamo ahendutse mu gihe kirekire.

Gushyiraho no kubungabunga

Gushyira no kubungabunga neza imiyoboro mito y’amashanyarazi (MCB) ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo ikore neza. Menya neza ko wahisemo ubwoko bwa MCB bukwiye hashingiwe ku bisabwa ku mutwaro kandi ukabushyiraho hakurikijwe amategeko y’amashanyarazi yo mu gace utuyemo. Hagomba gukorwa igenzura rihoraho kugira ngo hamenyekane ko MCB ikora neza kandi ko nta kimenyetso cy’uko yangiritse cyangwa igaragara.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya MCB na MCCB?

Ubwa mbere, MCB zikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kurinda umuvuduko mugufi no mu kurinda umuvuduko mwinshi w’amashanyarazi (ubusanzwe munsi ya amperes 100), mu gihe MCCB zikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kurinda umuvuduko mugufi no mu kurinda umuvuduko mwinshi w’amashanyarazi (ubusanzwe hejuru ya amperes 100). Ibi biterwa n’imiterere itandukanye y’imiterere n’ibikoresho bikoreshwa na MCB na MCCB mu kwakira umuvuduko n’imizigo bitandukanye. Icya kabiri, MCB zikoresha ibice by’ikoranabuhanga nk’urubingo n’ubushyuhe mu kurinda, mu gihe MCCB zikoresha ibikoresho bya mekanike nk’ibikingira ubushyuhe n’ingufu.

Muri make

Mu magambo make, miniature circuit breakers (MCB) zigira uruhare runini mu kurinda sisitemu z'amashanyarazi kurenza urugero ndetse no kugabanya imiyoboro migufi. Ubushobozi bwazo bwo gutanga uburinzi bwihuse kandi bwizewe, hamwe no koroshya no kugabanya ikiguzi, bituma ziba igice cy'ingenzi mu gushyiraho amashanyarazi mu ngo no mu bucuruzi. Uko ikoranabuhanga rikomeza gutera imbere, akamaro ka MCB mu kurinda umutekano w'amashanyarazi kazakomeza kwiyongera, bigatuma abahanga n'abafite amazu bumva ubushobozi bwabo n'inyungu zabo.