Isesengura ry'Imikorere n'Imikoreshereze ya RCCB y'Amashanyarazi

Gusobanukirwa RCCB z'amashanyarazi: Ubuyobozi bwuzuye

Mu isi y’umutekano w’amashanyarazi, ibyuma bigabanya umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi (RCCBs) bigira uruhare runini mu kurinda abantu n’imitungo ingaruka z’amashanyarazi. Iyi nkuru izasuzuma icyo RCCBs zisobanura, imikorere, n’ikoreshwa ryabyo, bityo bitange ubumenyi burambuye kuri iki gikoresho cy’ingenzi.

RCCB ni iki?

RCCB, izwi kandi nka residual current device (RCD), ni igikoresho cy’umutekano gikoreshwa mu gukumira impanuka y’amashanyarazi n’inkongi z’umuriro ziterwa n’ibibazo byo ku butaka. Gikora hifashishijwe kugenzura uburinganire bw’amashanyarazi anyura mu nsinga zishyushye n’izidafite aho zibogamiye z’uruziga. Iyo hagaragaye ubusumbane bw’amashanyarazi (bushobora kubaho iyo umuriro uva ku butaka), RCCB ihita ihagarika uruziga, bigabanye ibyago byo guhungabana kw’amashanyarazi n’inkongi z’umuriro.

RCCB ikora ite?

RCCB zikora hashingiwe ku muvuduko utandukanye w'amashanyarazi. Ubusanzwe, umuvuduko unyura mu muvuduko uhoraho ugomba kungana n'umuvuduko unyura mu muvuduko udafite aho ubogamiye. Ariko, iyo habayeho ikosa, nko gukora ku muvuduko uhoraho cyangwa igikoresho cyangiritse, amwe mu mashanyarazi ashobora gutembera hasi. RCCB ishobora kubona iri tandukaniro (ubusanzwe rigera kuri milimetero 30 (mA)) hanyuma igacika mu masegonda make.

Ubu buryo bwihuse bwo gusubiza ni ingenzi mu kwirinda imvune zikomeye cyangwa urupfu ruturutse ku gukubitwa n'amashanyarazi. RCCB ziboneka mu byiciro bitandukanye bigezweho, harimo 30mA yo kwirinda umuntu ku giti cye na 100mA cyangwa 300mA yo kurinda inkongi, bigatuma abakoresha bahitamo igikoresho gikwiye gihuye n'ibyo bakeneye.

Ubwoko bwa RCCB

Hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa RCCB z'amashanyarazi, buri imwe ifite intego itandukanye:

1. RCCB ifite inkingi ebyiri: Ikoreshwa ku miyoboro y’amashanyarazi ifite urwego rumwe, ifite imiyoboro ibiri yo guhuza imbonankubone n’iyo mu buryo butari bumwe.
2. RCCB ifite inkingi enye: Yagenewe imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi ifite ibyiciro bitatu, igizwe n’imiyoboro ine kugira ngo ijyane n’ibyiciro bitatu n’umuyoboro udafite aho ubogamiye.
3. Ubwoko bwa AC RCCB: Imenya umuyoboro usimburana (AC) usigaye.
4. Ubwoko bwa A RCCB: Ishobora kumenya AC no gukurura imiyoboro ya DC isigaye, ikwiriye imiyoboro ifite ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga.

Ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya RCCB

RCCB zikoreshwa cyane mu ngo, mu bucuruzi no mu nganda. Mu ngo, zikunze gushyirwa mu gice cy’ingenzi gikwirakwiza ibikoresho kugira ngo zirinde imiyoboro ikoresha amashanyarazi, amatara n’aho basohokera. Mu nyubako z’ubucuruzi, RCCB zirinda ibikoresho kandi zigakingira abakozi n’abakiriya umutekano. Mu nganda, ni ingenzi mu kurinda imashini no gukumira igihe gihenze cyo kudakora neza bitewe n’ikosa ry’amashanyarazi.

Ibyiza byo gukoresha RCCB

Hari ibyiza byinshi byo gushyiraho RCCB y'amashanyarazi:

- Kongera Umutekano: RCCB zigabanya cyane ibyago byo gushorwa n'amashanyarazi n'inkongi y'umuriro, bigatuma abakoresha bagira amahoro yo mu mutima.
- Iyubahirizwa ry’amategeko agenga umutekano w’amashanyarazi: Amabwiriza menshi agenga umutekano w’amashanyarazi n’amategeko agenga inyubako asaba ko RCCB ishyirwaho mu buryo bwihariye kugira ngo habeho iyubahirizwa ry’amategeko agenga umutekano.
- Uburinzi buhendutse: Nubwo hari ishoramari rya mbere rikenewe kugira ngo ugure kandi ushyireho RCCB, kuzigama igihe kirekire mu kwirinda impanuka n'ibyangiritse by'imitungo ni byinshi cyane.

Muri make

Mu magambo make, RCCB ni ibice by'ingenzi mu buryo bw'amashanyarazi bugezweho, butanga uburinzi bw'ingenzi ku ngaruka z'amashanyarazi. Gusobanukirwa imikorere yazo, ubwoko bwazo, n'ikoreshwa ryazo bishobora gufasha abantu ku giti cyabo n'ibigo gufata ibyemezo by'umutekano w'amashanyarazi. Mu gushyira RCCB mu bikoresho by'amashanyarazi, abakoresha bashobora kongera umutekano, kubahiriza amabwiriza, no kurinda ubuzima n'umutungo ingaruka z'ikosa ry'amashanyarazi. Uko ikoranabuhanga rikomeza gutera imbere, akamaro ka RCCB mu kugenzura umutekano w'amashanyarazi kazakomeza kwiyongera, bigatuma ziba igice cy'ingenzi cy'uburyo ubwo aribwo bwose bw'amashanyarazi.